How To Rewire Your 120 Year Old Farmhouse Without Burning It Down

I recently purchased a 120 year old farmhouse that needed a complete rewiring. As an amateur DIYer, I was intimidated but determined to rewire the old house myself without any disasters. Here's how I did it:

Assess the Existing Electrical System

• The first step was to thoroughly assess the existing electrical system. I created a diagram mapping out all the wiring, circuits, fusebox, outlets, switches and light fixtures throughout the house. This helped me understand how the original system was configured.

• I labeled and tested all the circuits to see which outlets and lights were on which circuit.

• I checked the gauge and condition of the wiring. Much of it was still cloth-wrapped wiring which is prone to deterioration. Upgrading the wiring would be crucial.

• I located the main fuse box and noted the amperage of the fuses. This would determine how much power the new system could handle.

Create a New Wiring Plan

• Next, I planned out my new wiring system. I referred to the National Electrical Code (NEC) to ensure it would meet all safety regulations.

• I mapped out new circuit routes and added additional circuits to prevent overloading.

• I included new grounded outlets every 6-12 feet in each room per code requirements.

• I incorporated dedicated circuits for larger appliances like the refrigerator, washer/dryer etc.

• I included plans for new switches, outlets and lighting fixtures.

• I obtained all necessary permits and had the utility company shut off power before beginning work.

Install New Wiring and Components

• I removed the old fuse box and wiring. I was careful to label each wire as I disconnected it.

• I pulled new 12/2 NM cables from the main panel throughout the house and stapled them per code.

• I drilled holes and fished cable between floors and into difficult areas. Patience and problem-solving were required!

• I wired each outlet and switch, being mindful of load balancing across circuits.

• I installed junction boxes as required for connections and splices.

• At the main panel, I connected the grounds and neutrals.

• I wired all the circuits and verified connections via meter.

Add the Finishing Touches

• With the major wiring complete, I installed the new breaker panel appropriate for the home's electric needs.

• I also added whole-house surge protection. This was important for protecting electronics from electrical spikes.

• I labeled all the new circuits clearly in the breaker panel.

• Lastly, I had the work inspected by the town to obtain a certificate of approval before turning the power back on.

Taking the time to prepare, follow code, use caution around electricity, and get inspections gave me the confidence to successfully rewire my old farmhouse. The new electrical system will meet our needs safely for years to come. Let me know if you have any other old home rewiring questions!