How to Replace Old Copper Wiring Yourself on a Budget

Introduction

Replacing old copper wiring in your home can be a daunting task, but it doesn't have to be expensive. With some planning, the right materials, and a bit of elbow grease, you can upgrade the wiring yourself on a budget. As someone who has done this in my own home, I've learned a lot about how to replace copper wiring affordably. In this guide, I'll share everything I've learned to help you take on this project yourself and save money.

Reasons to Replace Copper Wiring

There are a few key reasons you may want to replace the copper wiring in your home:

• Safety - Copper wiring from before the 1970s may not meet modern electrical codes and can pose safety risks like electrical fires. Upgrading brings things up to code.

• Electrical capacity - Old wiring may not be able to handle the increased energy demands of modern appliances and devices. New wiring will provide proper electricity throughout your home.

• Efficiency - New copper wiring maximizes efficiency, reducing energy loss that drives up your electric bills. The upgrade can pay for itself over time.

• Functionality - Outdated wiring can cause lights to flicker, circuits to trip, and more. New copper wiring will provide steady, reliable power.

• Value - Upgraded wiring increases your home's value, especially if you plan to sell soon. This project offers a high return on investment.

Developing a Plan

Careful planning is crucial when tackling a major wiring project yourself. Here are some key steps:

• Learn electrical basics - If you're unfamiliar with electrical systems, spend time learning about important principles and safety precautions. Being informed will make the project much smoother.

• Map your current wiring - Note where your electrical panel, wires, and junction boxes are located throughout the home so you have a wiring diagram to reference.

• Decide your scope - Determine if you'll replace all old wiring or focus only on certain sections, like the kitchen or bedrooms.

• Obtain necessary permits - Check what permits and inspections may be required based on local regulations and the scope of your project.

• Buy essential supplies - Make a list of all the wiring, hardware, tools, and safety gear you'll require. Purchase well in advance.

• Schedule time off - Plan to take several days off work to focus solely on the rewiring. Rushing increases mistakes.

Buying Materials on a Budget

The materials you'll need for rewiring can add up quickly. Here are some tips for getting everything you need affordably:

• Buy wire in bulk rolls - Purchasing large spools of copper wiring significantly cuts down cost compared to smaller pre-cut lengths.

• Choose thinner gauges - Opting for 14 or 12 gauge wire instead of 10 can save over 50% on price for most household uses.

• Shop discount retailers - Check stores like Home Depot or Lowe's for consistently low prices on electrical supplies. Look for sales too.

• Compare prices online - Online retailers may offer cheaper wiring than local stores. But factor in shipping costs.

• Buy used tools/safety gear - Search classified ads, thrift stores, eBay, and more for secondhand tools and equipment to get them at fraction of retail price.

• Rent big ticket tools - Renting pricier items like wire pullers or jackhammers can avoid large upfront costs.

• Use scraps when possible - Smaller leftover pieces of wire can work for short runs rather than buying all new materials.

Step-by-Step Installation Guide

Once you've completed thorough planning and purchased supplies, you're ready to dive into the wiring replacement process:

1. Turn Off Power and Remove Old Wiring

• Shut off power at the main electrical panel and tag the panel box so it stays off. Use a non-contact voltage tester to confirm power is off before working.

• Remove any floorboards, insulation, or drywall necessary to access the old wiring.

• Use pliers and screwdrivers to remove all the old wires from receptacles, switches, and junction boxes. Coil up wire to salvage any copper you can.

2. Run New Wiring Circuits

• Measure runs and cut new wiring to length with extra for connections. Group hot, neutral, and ground together.

• Use fish tape to pull runs of new wire through walls and ceilings from box to box. Have someone feed the fish tape to make this easier.

• Anchor the new wiring to studs using insulated staples to provide support and prevent sagging inside walls. Don't pierce wire insulation.

3. Connect New Wiring to Terminals

• Use wire strippers to remove 3/4" of insulation from wire ends. Twist copper tightly.

• Connect hot, neutral, and ground wires to their proper terminal screws in boxes using needle nose pliers.

• Wrap clockwise around the screw, leaving no bare copper exposed. Tighten the screw firmly.

• Repeat at the main electrical panel, connecting the new circuits to the corresponding circuit breakers.

4. Secure New Wiring

• Coil up excess wiring neatly in the boxes to minimize clutter. Don't just shove extra wire in.

• Anchor the wiring to the inside of boxes with electrical tape to provide stress relief on connections.

• Replace any drywall, insulation, or floorboards you removed earlier in the process.

5. Add New Devices and Covers

• Install any new receptacles, switches, cover plates, light fixtures and more along the new wiring runs.

• Use a contactless voltage tester to check for proper hot, neutral, and ground at outlets.

• Add labeling to your electrical panel marking all the new circuits you've added. This helps identify them later.

6. Restore Power and Test

• Turn power back on at the main panel once everything is securely installed and inspected.

• Test all lights, switches, outlets, and appliances on the new wiring. Verify proper functionality.

• Have the completed work officially inspected and approved by your local building department.

Final Considerations

Replacing old wiring is a major undertaking, but also extremely rewarding when completed successfully. Just take things slowly, follow safety procedures, and don't be afraid to ask an electrician friend if you get stuck on the process. With some diligent planning and bargain shopping, you can upgrade your copper wiring affordably. Enjoy the benefits for many years to come!