How to Overcome the Challenges of Using Aluminum Wiring in Your Home

Introduction

Aluminum wiring became popular in homes built between 1965 and 1973 because it was less expensive than copper wiring. However, aluminum wiring has been linked to certain hazards that require special precautions. As a homeowner with aluminum wiring, I have encountered some challenges, but there are ways to make my electrical system safer. In this article, I will provide an in-depth look at the issues with aluminum wiring and how I can overcome them.

The Main Problems with Aluminum Wiring

There are two main problems that occur with aluminum wiring:

Oxidation

• Aluminum oxidizes over time, forming a coating that resist electricity. This causes connections to loosen and wires to overheat, leading to fires.

Expansion and Contraction

• Aluminum expands and contracts more than copper. This can cause wires to push out of connections, resulting in loose connections that spark and overheat.

How These Problems Lead to Electrical Dangers

These two problems with aluminum wiring can lead to very dangerous electrical situations:

Loose Connections

• Loose connections cause arcing and sparking which generates extreme heat. This heat can easily start electrical fires inside walls and ceilings.

Overheating Wires

• Wires that loosen due to oxidation or expansion can end up overheating. The heat degrades the wire insulation which exposes more wire to heat damage in a dangerous cycle.

Faulty Circuits

• Loose, overheating connections can lead to sporadic electrical faults in lighting and outlets. This unpredictability makes aluminum wiring so hazardous.

Signs of Aluminum Wiring Problems

As a homeowner, I need to be vigilant in watching for signs of aluminum wiring problems. Here are some key things to look out for:

• Light switches or outlets that are warm to the touch - This indicates connections are overheating.

• Discolored or cracked outlets - Damage from overheating.

• Lights flickering or turning off and on - Arcing and loose connections.

• Frequent blown fuses or tripped circuits - More evidence of loose connections.

• Burning or smoke smells from outlets - Serious overheating problem.

Solutions for Improving Aluminum Wiring Safety

While aluminum wiring can never be as safe as copper, there are solutions that can greatly improve its safety. Here are the main methods I can use:

Pigtailing

• This involves attaching a short piece of copper wire to the aluminum wire and connecting the copper to the outlet. The copper-to-copper connection is much safer than aluminum-to-copper.

COPALUM Crimp Connections

• Special connectors designed for joining copper to aluminum. Properly installed, these create very reliable connections.

AlumiConn Connectors

• Similar to COPALUM but pre-filled with an antioxidant compound that reduces oxidation and improves the connection.

Outlet and Switch Replacement

• Replacing old outlets and switches with new CO/ALR rated models certified for use with aluminum wiring.

Arc-Fault Circuit Interrupters (AFCIs)

• Special breakers designed to detect arcing faults. This provides protection if connections start to fail.

Hiring an Electrician

Considering the seriousness of the hazards with aluminum wiring, I may want to hire a qualified electrician to evaluate my home's wiring and perform any needed repairs. Here are some tips on finding a good electrician:

• Look for an electrician who is familiar with and has worked on aluminum wiring.

• Ask if they have undergone manufacturer training on particular aluminum wiring solutions.

• Verify they are properly licensed and insured.

• Get estimates from multiple electricians before choosing one.

• Check reviews and references. Good electricians should have many satisfied customers.

Living Safely with Aluminum Wiring

While problematic, aluminum wiring can be managed safely in the home. By taking proactive steps such as pigtailing connections, installing AFCIs, and hiring a knowledgeable electrician for repairs, I can reduce the risks and protect my home and family. Staying vigilant in watching for early signs of trouble will also help maintain a safe electrical environment over the long-term. With proper diligence and preventative measures, aluminum wiring does not need to be a dealbreaker for an otherwise ideal home.