How to Overhaul an Obsolete Knob and Tube Electrical System

Understanding Knob and Tube Wiring

Knob and tube wiring was commonly installed in homes built before 1950. It features insulated wires that pass through ceramic tubes or are anchored to ceramic knobs. This old system has some drawbacks:

• The wiring is insufficient for most modern electrical loads from appliances and devices. Upgrading to modern wiring is often necessary.
• The insulation around old knob and tube wires often breaks down over time, creating fire hazards.
• It does not include a ground wire, which is essential for safety with modern appliances.

For these reasons, a complete overhaul is usually recommended if your home still has knob and tube wiring.

Evaluating Your Electrical System

Before beginning an overhaul, I need to thoroughly evaluate the existing system. Here are some steps:

• Locate the main electrical panel and examine the circuit breakers or fuses. I should have an electrician inspect it to ensure safety and capacity.
• I should carefully check the attic, basement, crawlspaces, and walls for exposed knob and tube wires. Trace where they are run.
• I need to map out each circuit by turning off breakers one at a time and testing which outlets/lights are affected.
• I should assess the amperage rating for each circuit to see if it meets modern needs.
• I need to note any locations with insufficient outlets or lighting capacity. These will need updating.
• I should check for any junction boxes, splices, or unsafe connections and map where replacements are needed.

Documenting the existing system thoroughly will allow me to plan appropriate upgrades. I may need an electrician's help for some assessment steps.

Key Steps for Replacing Knob and Tube Wiring

Once I have evaluated the electrical system, the overhaul process can begin. Here are the key steps:

• I need to plan the new wiring runs and circuit layouts based on my assessment. I should consult an electrician if needed.
• I should obtain the necessary permits for electrical work in my municipality.
• I need to purchase sufficient wiring and electrical boxes to replace all knob and tube wiring. Using NM cable with ground wire is recommended.
• An electrician can install new circuit breakers or a new electrical panel if needed to support added circuits.
• I should run all new wiring following local codes and standards. Wiring should be anchored securely.
• I need to install updated electrical boxes and outlets. GFCIs should be used where appropriate.
• Light fixtures, switches, and appliances can be reconnected to the new wiring system once complete.
• When finished, the electrician should perform testing to ensure safety. I should also arrange for final inspections.

The process requires time and diligence. But overhauling obsolete knob and tube wiring with modern electrical wiring makes a home safer and ready for today's electrical needs.

Key Safety Tips

When overhaulling old wiring, safety should be my top concern:

• I should turn off power at the main breaker panel and use caution when handling exposed wires.
• I need to properly discharge any stored electricity in old wiring before touching wires.
• Wiring should only be handled by qualified professionals or under their supervision.
• I should wear rubber-soled shoes and insulated gloves when working around electrical systems.
• A sturdy non-conductive ladder should be used when accessing wiring in attics or ceilings.
• I should keep fire extinguishers accessible in the work area in case of an electrical fire.
• I may want to stay elsewhere during the rewiring process as power will be disrupted.

Following safety protocols is crucial when dealing with electrical systems. Upgrading to modern wiring is the best way to protect my home and family.