How to Quickly Fix That One Annoying Outlet That Never Works Right

Having an outlet that doesn't work properly can be extremely frustrating. However, in most cases, it's an easy fix that you can do yourself without calling an electrician. With some basic tools and safety precautions, you'll have that troublesome outlet working again in no time.

Understanding Why Your Outlet Isn't Working

Before attempting to fix an outlet, it's important to understand why it's not working properly. Here are some of the most common reasons an outlet can fail:

Loose, Damaged, or Disconnected Wires

Over time, the wires connecting to the outlet can become loose or damaged, interrupting the flow of electricity. This is often caused by plugging in and unplugging cords repeatedly over many years.

Faulty Outlet

The outlet itself may have developed an internal fault, causing it to no longer work dependably. If the outlet has been in use for a long time or was installed improperly, components like contacts can degrade or fail.

Tripped GFCI or AFCI

If the outlet is connected to a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) or arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI), these safety devices may have tripped, cutting power to the outlet. Resetting the GFCI or AFCI can often restore power.

Worn Out Receptacles

The receptacles—the openings where you insert a plug—may have become worn out over time. This can cause a loose connection resulting in intermittent functionality.

Gathering the Necessary Tools and Supplies

• Screwdriver - You'll need a Phillips head and a flat head screwdriver. Make sure the heads fit snugly.
• Voltage tester - This tool lets you safely check that the power is off before working on the outlet.
• Needle nose pliers - Handy for straightening bent outlet tabs or gripping wires.
• Wire strippers - Used to neatly strip insulation off wiring.
• Electrical tape - For insulating stripped wires and connections.
• Outlet tester - Helps diagnose issues by indicating wiring faults.
• Replacement outlet - Only needed if the old outlet is faulty and must be replaced.

Shutting Off the Power and Verifying It's Off

Always shut off the power at the circuit breaker before attempting any electrical work. Make sure everyone in the home knows not to restore power.

To be certain the power is off:

1. Turn the appropriate breaker all the way to OFF.
2. Plug a lamp into the outlet and confirm it is not working.
3. Use a voltage tester on the outlet to double-check no voltage is present.

Only proceed when you have confirmed the power is shut off!

Removing the Outlet Cover Plate

Most outlet cover plates are held in place by one or two screws. Use a screwdriver to remove the cover plate screws.

Be careful not to let the cover plate fall and become damaged. Set it aside in a safe place.

Inspecting the Outlet Wiring

With the cover plate removed, you have access to inspect the outlet wiring:

• Check for any loose, disconnected, or damaged wires. Tug gently on each wire to see if any are loose.
• Look for corrosion or burn marks on the wiring or outlet. This can indicate an unsafe condition.
• Examine the receptacles in the outlet for cracks or damage. Insert a plug and wiggle to check for a loose fit.

If wiring damage is extensive or potentially dangerous, it's best to consult an electrician.

Testing the Outlet

To help identify the source of the problem, use an outlet tester tool. This handy device plugs into the outlet and indicates potential wiring issues through a simple color code or LED display.

Consult the outlet tester user guide to interpret the results. This will reveal if the problem is with the outlet itself or wiring further upstream.

Resetting a Tripped GFCI or AFCI

If the outlet tester indicates the issue is with the GFCI or AFCI device, head to its location and reset it:

1. Locate the tripped GFCI/AFCI outlet or circuit breaker.
2. Firmly push the RESET button until it locks into place.
3. Return to the outlet and retest with the outlet tester.

If the device won't stay reset, it likely has a fault and may need replacement.

Replacing a Worn Outlet

If an outlet receptacle is worn or damaged, replacement of the outlet is the proper fix.

Follow these safe steps to replace an outlet:

1. With the power confirmed off, remove the two screws holding the outlet in place.
2. Carefully extract the outlet from the electrical box. Do not touch wires yet!
3. Using a screwdriver, disconnect each wire one at a time.
4. Attach the wires to the new outlet in the correct orientation. Usually brass screws are for hot wires and silver screws for neutral. Consult outlet wiring diagrams if unsure.
5. Position the new outlet correctly in the box and fasten in place with the mounting screws.
6. Restore power and test the functioning of the outlet.

Replacing Damaged or Loose Outlet Wiring

Loose connections or damaged wires can cause intermittent functionality or safety issues. Here's how to fix:

1. Shut off power and remove the faulty outlet as outlined above.
2. Determine how much wiring needs replacement based on condition.
3. Cut back the existing wires and strip off new insulation using wire strippers.
4. Splice in new wiring of the same gauge using wire nuts.
5. Secure with electrical tape and reinstall outlet.

Restoring Power & Verifying Proper Operation

Once all outlet repairs are complete:

1. Double check that wires are securely fastened with no exposed copper.
2. Replace the outlet cover plate.
3. Carefully restore power at the circuit breaker.
4. Verify normal outlet functionality by plugging in a lamp.
5. Test GFCI/AFCI outlets by pressing their TEST buttons.

And that's it! With a few basic tools and proper safety procedures, you can often quickly fix a faulty outlet yourself without needing an electrician. Just take your time and be cautious when working with wiring.