How To Rewire Your 125 Year Old Farmhouse Without Burning It Down

Assess the Existing Electrical System

Before beginning any rewiring project, it's important to thoroughly assess the existing electrical system in your 125 year old farmhouse. This will help you understand what needs to be upgraded or replaced.

Hire an electrician to inspect the electrical panel, wiring, outlets, switches and fixtures. They can identify potential safety hazards like knob and tube wiring, overloaded circuits, improper grounding and more.
Check the amperage rating of the electrical panel - 100 amps may have been sufficient decades ago but most modern homes require 200 amps or more. Upgrading the service may be needed.
Inspect all wiring connections for signs of wear like damaged insulation. Outlets and switches may need to be replaced.
Note where wiring runs through walls, ceilings and floors. Accessing them for the rewire will require some strategic demolition.

Create a Rewiring Plan

Once I've assessed the existing system, it's time to map out the details of the rewiring project. Good planning makes the actual work much simpler.

Consult local electrical codes for requirements on outlet spacing, GFCI placement, wire gauges and other specs.
Decide where to place new outlets and switches, keeping furniture layout and lamp/appliance locations in mind.
Choose locations for new lighting fixtures. Upgrade old fixtures for increased light and energy efficiency.
Select wiring paths through walls, attics and basements to route new wiring. Match existing paths where possible to minimize construction work.
Determine if I'll need to run some new wiring underground to outbuildings or exterior lights. Coordinate with other utility lines.

Safely Remove Old Wiring

With the project planned out, it's time to start removing the outdated existing wiring. Take it slow and exercise caution.

Turn off power at the main breaker before disconnecting any wires. Verify it's off with a proximity voltage tester.
Remove devices from walls like outlets, switches and light fixtures. Label wires as you disconnect them if unsure where they run.
Take down any accessible wiring, like those running through unfinished basements or attics. Coil up the old wires neatly to prep for disposal.
Carefully cut into and demo walls to access old wiring runs that can't be removed from above or below. Watch for surprises like knob and tube splices.
Wear proper PPE - eye protection, dust mask and thick gloves to protect from debris and sharp wires.

Install New Wiring and Devices

The fun part is now here - running the new wires and installing updated outlets, switches and light fixtures in my farmhouse.

Start by drilling holes to route wire between floors and through walls and ceilings. Use fireblock caulk around holes for fire safety.
Run wiring from the panel to each outlet and switch location, leaving extra length for connections. Use the appropriate gauge wire for expected amperage.
Install boxes snugly into each stud cavity or surface mount them. Attach wires securely to terminals.
Carefully replace any damaged wall materials, like plaster or wood cladding. Match existing finishes.
Connect devices like outlets, switches and lights. Use twist-on connectors for solid wire splices.
Label all circuits clearly in the panel. Consider Arc-Fault Circuit Interrupters (AFCIs) for bedroom circuits.

Wrap Up and Restoring Power

The rewire is complete! Now it's time for final testing and restore power.

Inspect all wiring connections, device installations and circuit labels. Verify proper grounding.
Check for loose wire clippings or debris in boxes before installing covers. This prevents shorts.
Have the completed system inspected by the local building department to obtain a permit before power restoration.
Turn circuits on individually at the panel and test each outlet and switch. Fix any issues.
Restore power once everything checks out. Feel confident in your updated, safe electrical system!

By methodically following these steps and exercising caution, I can successfully rewire my 125 year old farmhouse without burning it down! The improved lighting, added receptacles, grounded system and adequate service will make the house safer and more livable.