How to Troubleshoot an Obscure GE Electrical Panel from the 1970s

I recently moved into a house with an old GE electrical panel from the 1970s. As you can imagine, troubleshooting and maintaining this obscure panel has been a challenge. Here's what I've learned about troubleshooting these old GE panels:

Gather Information on the Specific Panel

The first step is to gather as much information as possible about the specific GE panel you have.

• Locate the panel - These are often in the basement, garage or a utility closet. Find the panel and open the door to expose the inner workings.

• Find the model number - There should be a sticker or engraving on the panel with the model number. Write this down.

• Research online - Search for the model number online to find specs, wiring diagrams, manuals and troubleshooting tips specific to that model.

• Check the amperage rating - The rating should be printed on the panel or mentioned in the specs you find online. This tells you how much power the panel can deliver.

Knowing the exact model number unlocks a wealth of helpful information for troubleshooting and maintenance. Spending some time upfront gathering data on your panel pays off later.

Inspect the Panel Thoroughly

With the power off, remove the panel cover and inspect everything closely. Look for:

• Rust or corrosion - Signs of water damage or moisture getting in.

• Heat discoloration - Any burnt spots or melted plastic.

• Loose wires - Wires that wiggle or move too easily.

• Cracked breakers - Damage to the plastic breaker switches.

• Scorch marks - Black or brown burn marks around outlets.

• Rodent damage - Chewed wires or nesting debris.

• Modifications - Any non-original wires that were added.

Document any concerning issues you find. Even minor problems should be addressed.

Check Connections are Tight

Go through and check that all wire connections are tight. Loose connections cause arcing and heat that leads to shorts and fires.

• Breakers - Verify breakers are fully inserted and screws are tight.

• Neutrals and grounds - Check for loose bundle connections.

• Lugs - Wires should be tightly screwed into lugs.

• Conductors - No loose or wiggly wires coming out of the wall.

Snugging up every connection ensures optimal power flow and safety.

Test the Voltages

Use a multimeter to test voltages throughout the panel:

• 120v - Check the outlets and circuits for proper 120 volt supply.

• 240v - If you have large appliances, test 240 volt circuits.

• 24v - For smart thermostats, doorbells and low voltage systems.

• 0v - Verify dead circuits are fully disconnected.

This reveals any circuits that are over or under voltage. Out-of-range voltages lead to equipment damage or malfunction.

Evaluate the Grounding

Inadequate grounding is extremely dangerous. Carefully evaluate:

• Ground wires - Ensure they are securely bonded throughout the panel.

• Ground rod - External ground rod connection should be tight.

• GFCI protection - Kitchen, bath and outdoor outlets should have GFCI breakers.

• 3-prong outlets - Verify outlets are actually grounded, not just 3-prong.

Proper grounding is essential for preventing shocks, fires and surge damage.

Consider an Electrical Panel Upgrade

If the panel is very old, parts are hard to find, or it's just overwhelmed, it may be time for an upgrade. Newer panels offer:

• More capacity - Support more circuits and higher amperages.

• Safety features - Arc fault detection, surge protection, backup power.

• Smart capabilities - Options to monitor and control power usage.

• Parts availability - Easy to find replacement breakers and parts.

• Expanded spaces - Room for adding new circuits.

Upgrading the panel improves safety, allows for expansion, and gives you access to the latest technology.

Call an Electrician for Complex Issues

Some panel problems, like faulty breakers, worn bus stabs or aluminum wiring, require an electrician. Don't take on complex electrical issues as a DIY project. The risk of injury or damage is too high.

For serious issues beyond your skill level, hire a licensed electrician that specializes in electrical panels. They have the expertise to diagnose and fix intricate problems.

Troubleshooting an old GE panel takes time and diligence. But with careful inspection, voltage testing, grounding verification and selective upgrades, you can keep your vintage electrical system running safely.