Wiring a home can seem daunting, but it doesn't have to be dangerous if you follow some key safety tips. Even experienced electricians can learn a thing or two from these lesser known guidelines that I've learned the hard way over my years as a homeowner. Read on to learn how I wire my home safely every time.
Research Local Building Codes and Permit Requirements
Before I start any electrical project, I always research my local building codes and permit requirements. Electrical work often requires permits, and inspectors will check that you followed code. I've learned the hard way that it's better to pull permits upfront rather than risk failing inspection later.
To research permit needs, I check with my local building department. I also read through the National Electrical Code (NEC), which provides the basis for local codes. Understanding the code helps me work safely and pass inspections.
Turn Off Power at the Breaker Before Working
This may seem obvious, but I always turn off power at the breaker before working on any electrical wiring. I know professional electricians that have been shocked because they didn't double check the power was off. I always verify power is off by testing with a non-contact voltage tester. This simple step prevents electrical shocks or arcs that can spark fires.
Use the Right Tools for the Job
Using professional grade electrical tools goes a long way towards working safely. I invested in a high quality rotary tool, wire cutters, strippers, and crimpers designed for electrical work. I avoid using corner-cutting tools like household scissors or pliers. Investing in the right tools prevents frayed wires or loose connections that can cause fires.
Take Your Time and Double Check Your Work
Even professional electricians sometimes make mistakes, which is why I take my time and double check all work before turning power back on. I check wire connections are tight, insulation isn't pinched or frayed, wires are connected properly, and switches/outlets are wired correctly. Rushing leads to mistakes, so I take my time.
I also have an electrician inspect my work if it's major electrical upgrades. Paying for an inspection gives me peace of mind that I didn't overlook any fire hazards.
Use Proper Wire Nuts and Connections
Electrical fires often start from loose wire connections. I only use UL-Listed wire nuts and connectors rated for the wire gauge I'm using. Twisting wires together with electrical tape is asking for trouble. Proper wire nuts form a tight connection that won't arc or spark.
I also avoid aluminum wiring which can be a fire hazard. Copper wiring with oxidation inhibitors is safer. Proper connections are critical to prevent electrical fires.
Size Wires Appropriately for the Amps Required
One of my biggest early mistakes was using wire that's undersized for the amperage required. This can overheat wires and start fires. I always consult wiring capacity charts and calculate required amps before selecting wiring.
It's better to oversize wiring than undersize it. I'd rather spend a few extra dollars on larger gauge wire than burn my house down to save money. Don't take shortcuts here.
Use GFCI Outlets In Wet Areas
Ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) outlets are essential in bathrooms, kitchens, laundry rooms and other wet areas. GFCIs detect ground faults and cut power if electricity leaks through water.
I once electrocuted myself in the kitchen by grabbing an appliance with wet hands. Installing GFCI outlets prevents shock hazards and electrical fires. They're required by code in wet areas for good reason.
Label Wires and Circuits
Taking time to label wires and circuits at the breaker makes electrical work much safer. I tag which breaker controls each room and outlet. And I use colored tape to ID "hot" wires since wires are often mislabeled. Without labeling, it's easy to work on live circuits by accident.
Inspect Extension Cords and Outlets
Frayed or damaged extension cords are notorious fire hazards. I inspect all extension cords for cracks and loose plugs. I never keep them coiled when in use or overload them. I also check outlets for overheating and loose connections which can ignite fires. Taking time for inspections prevents electrical fires.
In summary, working slowly, using proper tools and materials, oversizing wires, and taking safety precautions allows me to upgrade wiring safely. I hope these tips help you wire your home without burning it down! Let me know if you have any other lesser known tips.